K. H. Andersen, J. E. Beyer, and P. Lundberg, Trophic and individual efficiencies of sizestructured communities, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.276, pp.109-114, 1654.

A. Atkinson, V. Siegel, E. Pakhomov, and P. Rothery, Long-term decline in krill stock and increase in salps within the Southern Ocean, Nature, vol.432, issue.7013, pp.100-103, 2004.

,

D. R. Barneche and A. P. Allen, The energetics of fish growth and how it constrains foodweb trophic structure, Ecology Letters, vol.21, issue.6, pp.836-844, 2018.

M. Baumann, A comment on transfer efficiencies, Fisheries Oceanography, vol.4, issue.3, pp.264-266, 1995.

G. Beaugrand, A. Conversi, A. Atkinson, J. Cloern, S. Chiba et al., Prediction of unprecedented biological shifts in the global ocean, Nature Climate Change, vol.9, issue.3, pp.237-243, 2019.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02189417

G. Beaugrand, A. Conversi, S. Chiba, M. Edwards, S. Fonda-umani et al., Synchronous marine pelagic regime shifts in the Northern Hemisphere, 2014.

, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.370, pp.20130272-20130272, 1659.

G. Beaugrand, M. Edwards, and L. Legendre, Marine biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and carbon cycles, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.107, pp.10120-10124, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00762354

D. G. Boyce, K. T. Frank, B. Worm, and W. C. Leggett, Spatial patterns and predictors of trophic control in marine ecosystems, Ecology Letters, vol.18, issue.10, pp.1001-1011, 2015.

,

T. A. Branch, R. Watson, E. A. Fulton, S. Jennings, C. R. Mcgilliard et al., The trophic fingerprint of marine fisheries, Nature, vol.468, issue.7322, pp.431-435, 2010.

J. H. Brown, J. F. Gillooly, A. P. Allen, V. M. Savage, and G. B. West, TOWARD A METABOLIC THEORY OF ECOLOGY. Ecology, vol.85, issue.7, pp.1771-1789, 2004.

,

, Accepted Article This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

J. H. Brown, J. F. Gillooly, A. P. Allen, V. M. Savage, and G. B. West, TOWARD A METABOLIC THEORY OF ECOLOGY. Ecology, vol.85, issue.7, pp.1771-1789, 2004.

,

J. F. Bruno, L. A. Carr, and M. I. Connor, Exploring the role of temperature in the ocean through metabolic scaling, Ecology, vol.96, issue.12, pp.3126-3140, 2015.

E. Chassot, S. Bonhommeau, N. K. Dulvy, F. Mélin, R. Watson et al., Global marine primary production constrains fisheries catches, Ecology Letters, vol.13, issue.4, pp.495-505, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/ird-00470551

W. W. Cheung, V. W. Lam, J. L. Sarmiento, K. Kearney, R. Watson et al., Projecting global marine biodiversity impacts under climate change scenarios, Fish and Fisheries, vol.10, issue.3, pp.235-251, 2009.

W. W. Cheung, R. Watson, T. Morato, T. Pitcher, and D. Pauly, Intrinsic vulnerability in the global fish catch, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.333, pp.1-12, 2007.

,

W. W. Cheung, R. Watson, and D. Pauly, Signature of ocean warming in global fisheries catch, Nature, vol.497, issue.7449, pp.365-368, 2013.

V. Christensen and D. Pauly, ECOPATH II -a software for balancing steady-state ecosystem models and calculating network characteristics, Ecological Modelling, vol.61, issue.3-4, pp.169-185, 1992.

V. Christensen and D. Pauly, Trophic models of aquatic ecosystems. Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines : Copenhagen K., Denmark: International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, 1993.

M. Coll, S. Libralato, S. Tudela, I. Palomera, and F. Pranovi, Ecosystem Overfishing in the Ocean, PLoS ONE, vol.3, issue.12, 2008.

M. Colléter, A. Valls, J. Guitton, M. Lyne, F. A. Sánchez et al., EcoBase : A repository solution to gather and communicate information from EwE models, p.69, 2013.

O. Heilmayer, T. Brey, and H. O. Pörtner, Growth efficiency and temperature in scallops : A comparative analysis of species adapted to different temperatures, Functional Ecology, vol.18, issue.5, pp.641-647, 2004.

X. Irigoien, T. A. Klevjer, A. Røstad, U. Martinez, G. Boyra et al., Large mesopelagic fishes biomass and trophic efficiency in the open ocean, Nature Communications, 2014.

S. Jennings, F. Melin, J. L. Blanchard, R. M. Forster, N. K. Dulvy et al., , 2008.

, Global-scale predictions of community and ecosystem properties from simple ecological theory, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.275, pp.1375-1383, 1641.

S. Jennings, S. P. Greenstreet, and J. D. Reynolds, Structural change in an exploited fish community : A consequence of differential fishing effects on species with contrasting life histories, Journal of Animal Ecology, vol.68, issue.3, pp.617-627, 1999.

,

S. Jennings, K. J. Warr, and S. Mackinson, Use of size-based production and stable isotope analyses to predict trophic transfer efficiencies and predator-prey body mass ratios in food webs, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.240, pp.11-20, 2002.

S. Kortsch, R. Primicerio, M. Aschan, S. Lind, A. V. Dolgov et al., Food-web structure varies along environmental gradients in a high-latitude marine ecosystem, 2018.

S. Kortsch, R. Primicerio, M. Fossheim, A. V. Dolgov, and M. Aschan, Climate change alters the structure of arctic marine food webs due to poleward shifts of boreal generalists, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.282, 1814.

A. G. Laurent, The Lognormal Distribution and the Translation Method : Description and Estimation Problems, Journal of the American Statistical Association, vol.58, issue.301, pp.231-235, 1963.

,

S. Libralato, M. Coll, S. Tudela, I. Palomera, and F. Pranovi, Novel index for quantification of ecosystem effects of fishing as removal of secondary production, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.355, pp.107-129, 2008.

R. L. Lindeman, The Trophic-Dynamic Aspect of Ecology, Ecology, vol.23, issue.4, pp.399-417, 1942.

, Accepted Article This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

A. R. Longhurst, Ecological geography of the sea, 2007.

A. Maureaud, D. Gascuel, M. Colléter, M. L. Palomares, H. Du-pontavice et al., Global change in the trophic functioning of marine food webs, PloS one, vol.12, issue.8, p.182826, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01821558

C. Michel, B. Bluhm, V. Gallucci, A. J. Gaston, F. J. Gordillo et al., Biodiversity of Arctic marine ecosystems and responses to climate change, Biodiversity, vol.13, issue.3-4, pp.200-214, 2012.

E. J. Murphy, R. D. Cavanagh, K. F. Drinkwater, S. M. Grant, J. J. Heymans et al., Understanding the structure and functioning of polar pelagic ecosystems to predict the impacts of change, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.283, 1844.

N. Niquil, A. Baeta, J. Marques, A. Chaalali, J. Lobry et al., Reaction of an estuarine food web to disturbance : Lindeman's perspective, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.512, pp.141-154, 2014.

E. P. Odum, The Strategy of Ecosystem Development, Science, vol.164, issue.3877, pp.262-270, 1969.

M. L. Palomares and D. Pauly, Predicting food consumption of fish populations as functions of mortality, food type, morphometrics, temperature and salinity. Marine and Freshwater Research, vol.49, p.447, 1998.

D. Pauly and V. Christensen, Primary production required to sustain global fisheries, Nature, vol.374, issue.6519, pp.255-257, 1995.

D. Pauly, R. Hilborn, and T. A. Branch, Fisheries : Does catch reflect abundance?, Nature, vol.494, issue.7437, p.303, 2013.

D. Pauly and D. Zeller, Catch reconstructions reveal that global marine fisheries catches are higher than reported and declining, Nature Communications, vol.7, issue.1, 2016.

,

L. S. Peck, A Cold Limit to Adaptation in the Sea, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol.31, issue.1, pp.13-26, 2016.

L. S. Peck, K. E. Webb, and D. M. Bailey, Extreme sensitivity of biological function to temperature in Antarctic marine species, Functional Ecology, vol.18, issue.5, pp.625-630, 2004.

,

, Accepted Article This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

A. L. Perry, Climate Change and Distribution Shifts in Marine Fishes, Science, vol.308, issue.5730, pp.1912-1915, 2005.

R. I. Perry, P. Cury, K. Brander, S. Jennings, C. Möllmann et al., Sensitivity of marine systems to climate and fishing : Concepts, issues and management responses, Journal of Marine Systems, vol.79, issue.3-4, pp.427-435, 2010.

,

M. L. Pinsky, B. Worm, M. J. Fogarty, J. L. Sarmiento, and S. A. Levin, Marine Taxa Track Local Climate Velocities, Science, vol.341, issue.6151, pp.1239-1242, 2013.

,

M. L. Pinsky, R. L. Selden, and Z. J. Kitchel, Climate-Driven Shifts in Marine Species Ranges : Scaling from Organisms to Communities, Annual Review of Marine Science, vol.12, issue.1, 2020.

B. Planque, J. Fromentin, P. Cury, K. F. Drinkwater, S. Jennings et al., How does fishing alter marine populations and ecosystems sensitivity to climate, Journal of Marine Systems, vol.79, issue.3-4, pp.403-417, 2010.

,

E. S. Poloczanska, C. J. Brown, W. J. Sydeman, W. Kiessling, D. S. Schoeman et al., Global imprint of climate change on marine life, Nature Climate Change, vol.3, issue.10, pp.919-925, 2013.

E. S. Poloczanska, M. T. Burrows, C. J. Brown, J. García-molinos, B. S. Halpern et al., Responses of Marine Organisms to Climate Change across Oceans, Frontiers in Marine Science, p.3, 2016.

,

H. O. Pörtner and A. P. Farrell, ECOLOGY : Physiology and Climate Change, Science, vol.322, issue.5902, pp.690-692, 2008.

H. O. Pörtner, D. M. Karl, P. W. Boyd, W. W. Cheung, S. E. Lluch-cota et al., Ocean Systems, Climate Change 2014 : Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, pp.411-484, 2014.

M. Bilir, K. L. Chatterjee, Y. O. Ebi, R. C. Estrada, B. Genova et al.,

S. Levy, P. R. Maccracken, and . Mastrandrea,

H. O. Pörtner, L. S. Peck, and G. N. Somero, Mechanisms Defining Thermal Limits and Adaptation in Marine Ectotherms : An Integrative View, pp.379-416, 2012.

,

H. O. Pörtner and M. A. Peck, Climate change effects on fishes and fisheries : Towards a cause-and-effect understanding, Journal of Fish Biology, vol.77, issue.8, pp.1745-1779, 2010.

,

H. O. Pörtner, D. Storch, and O. Heilmayer, Constraints and trade-offs in climatedependent adaptation : Energy budgets and growth in a latitudinal cline, Scientia Marina, p.16, 2005.

G. Reygondeau, A. Longhurst, E. Martinez, G. Beaugrand, D. Antoine et al., Dynamic biogeochemical provinces in the global ocean : DYNAMIC BIOGEOCHEMICAL PROVINCES, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol.27, issue.4, pp.1046-1058, 2013.

,

R. E. Ricklefs and G. L. Miller, Ecology, 2000.

J. R. Schramski, A. I. Dell, J. M. Grady, R. M. Sibly, and J. H. Brown, Metabolic theory predicts whole-ecosystem properties, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.112, issue.8, pp.2617-2622, 2015.

S. Shephard, T. Fung, J. E. Houle, K. D. Farnsworth, D. G. Reid et al., , 2012.

, Size-selective fishing drives species composition in the Celtic Sea, ICES Journal of Marine Science, vol.69, issue.2, pp.223-234

V. Smetacek and S. Nicol, Polar ocean ecosystems in a changing world, Nature, vol.437, issue.7057, pp.362-368, 2005.

C. A. Stock, J. G. John, R. R. Rykaczewski, R. G. Asch, W. W. Cheung et al., Reconciling fisheries catch and ocean productivity, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.114, issue.8, pp.1441-1449, 2017.

,

D. Strayer, Notes on Lindeman's Progressive Efficiency, Ecology, vol.72, issue.1, pp.348-350, 1991.

, Accepted Article This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

R. D. Stuart-smith, G. J. Edgar, N. S. Barrett, S. J. Kininmonth, and A. E. Bates, Thermal biases and vulnerability to warming in the world's marine fauna, 2015.

J. M. Sunday, A. E. Bates, and N. K. Dulvy, Global analysis of thermal tolerance and latitude in ectotherms, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.278, pp.1823-1830, 1713.

D. P. Tittensor, C. Mora, W. Jetz, H. K. Lotze, D. Ricard et al., , 2010.

, Global patterns and predictors of marine biodiversity across taxa, Nature, vol.466, issue.7310, pp.1098-1101

B. Worm and H. K. Lotze, Marine Biodiversity and Climate Change, Climate Change, pp.195-212, 2016.

, Year Trophic transfer efficiency (%), 2010.